Adding-machine



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. A. OAKES & J. H. JACKSON.

ADDING MACHINE.

No. 485,214. Patented Nov. 1, 1892.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. A.OAKES 8v J. H. JACKSON.

ADDING MACHINE.

No. 485,214. Patented Nov. 1, 1892.

WITNESSES-L1 f NVELVTZIRif IMA Mam (No Model.) 3 Shets Sheet 3.

C. A. CAKES & J. H. JACKSON. 1

Patented Nov. 1,1892.

E N I H U A M G N I D D A JZVVEIVTO/RSv LJ M 1 7 .BY

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I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

CHANDLER A. OAKES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND JOHN H. JACKSON, OF

PEN ARGYL, PENNSYLVANIA.

ADDING-MACHINE.

SPEGIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 485,214, dated November1, 1892.

Application filed December 16, 1891- Serial No. 415,295. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, CHANDLER A. OAKES, residing at New York, in thecounty and State of New York, and JOHN H. J AOKSON, resid' ing at PenArgyl, in the county of Northampton and State of Pennsylvania, citizensof the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Adding-Machines; and we do declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the lettersmarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Our invention relates to that class of addingmachines in which severalnumbered disks are actuated by a set of keys bearing numbers.

The purpose of our invention is to provide a device which will be moresimple, practical, and desirable for store service than those heretoforein use; and to this end our invention consists in the peculiar featuresand combinations of parts more fully described hereinafter, and pointedout in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents an exteriorperspective view of our device. Fig. 2 represents a top view or plan,the casing being removed; Fig. 3, aside elevation; Fig. 4:, a detailtransverse section through the cog-wheels for actuating the numbereddisks bearing the highest numbers; Fig. 5, a section through 5 5 of Fig.4; Fig.6, a vertical detail section through one of the gears, and Fig. 7a detail view of the fixed arm for carrying the pinions forming a partof the registering-wheels.

On a base A is mounted a row of key-levers B, numbering from 1 to 9,inclusive, representing units, and a second set of keylevers O,numberingfrom 10 to 100,representing tens. The units-levers arefulcrumed on a horizontal fixed shaft D and the tens-levers on aparallel shaft E, both shafts being mounted in vertical standards F.

Extending transversely over the key-levers B C and parallel with shaftsD E are two long wheel-actuating levers G and H, fulcrumed,

respectively, on standards 'I and K, located on the right of the keys.Each of the long arms of these levers are normally held up by means of aweight G, attached to their short arms, as more clearly seen in Fig. 1.

All of the key-levers are of the second class and are connected to thelong leversG H by verticallinks J. These links have their lower ends pinjoined to the key-levers and their upper ends are provided with oblongslots J through which the wheel-actuating levers G and H extend. Similarconnecting-links J are employed to connect the tens keys 0. The free endof the long arm of the wheel-actuating lever G is connected to aratchet-arm L by passing through an oblong slot L therein, and theratchet-arm L is loosely pivoted on the wheel-shaft M and carries a pawlM, which pawl engages ratchet-teeth M on wheel M fixed to the shaft M.The wheel M" in turn carries a loose pawl N, pivoted to one of itsspokes and placed to engage the ratchetteeth N on the ratchet-wheel N".The latter wheel N is actuated by the long lever H, the end of which isconnected to a verticallyreciproca'ting rack O, movingin standard 0".This rack in turn engages a pinion L on a sleeve 0'', cast integral withthe ratchetwheel N, revolving loosely on shaft M.

Adjoining the ratchet-wheel lV and centered on shaft M is a stop-wheelP, fixed on the shaft M so as to revolve with the numbered units-wheelP. vided with ratchet-teeth P, which are en- 'gaged by a pawl Q on a barQ on the end of a rock-frame Q. The frame Q" is pivoted on a pivot R,located below the keys. The broad pawl Q on the bar Q, Fig. 8, isbeveled to enter the notches between the ratchetteeth of wheels M and Nto lock the ratchet-wheels and prevent them from moving farther thannecessary, and it is timed to commence entering a notch at the beginningof the termination of the stroke upon any one of the tens-keys, and bythe time the stroke is completed the pawl will go all the way into thenotch and lock the wheel against further -movement, as represented bydotted lines in Fig. 3. The pawl Q can be nicely adjusted to performthis function by means of setserews a, with which each key 0 isprovided,

This stop-wheel is pro as seen in Figs. 2 and 3, and which extends downtherefrom to the top of the front bar 61'' of the frame Q, whereby thelatter is actuated whenever one of the keys 0 is depressed.

Adjoining the numbered units-wheel P on the left is a dollars-wheel S,which is actuated by internal mechanism like that described further on,in connection with a duplicate pairof numbered wheels for highernumbers.

On the left of the dollars-wheel S and secured by a feather-key U torotate with the shaft M is placed a gear V, which has a limited lateralmovement on said shaft. This gear is to be alternately thrown in and outof engagement by lever b witha pair of gearwheels WV W, which actuate anumbered dollars-wheel X and a numbered wheel X, representing hundredsof dollars. The gearwheel and numbered wheel X are both fixed on acounter-shaft Y,Fig.2,and revolve together, and the intermediate gear Wand numbered wheel X are both connected to revolve together by a sleeveZ, fitting loosely on shaft Y.

The gear-wheel \V actuates the adjoining gear-wheel W on the right bymeans of a pair of pinions Sand S,fixed on a shaft S, the latter beingcarried in the upper end of a fixed vertical arm T on a sleeve T, whichsleeve in turn is fixed on post 1"" and forms a bearing for thecounter-shaft Y. Both pinions S" 5 have ten teeth. The pinion S isengaged by a single tooth cl on wheel XV, and pinion S by an annulargear 6, which contains one hundred teeth, or ten times the number ofteeth on the pinions. Hence it will be seen that the left-hand gear Wisrequired to make one hundred revolutions and revolve the pinions tentimes in order to revolve the righthand gear W one revolution. The gearXV rotates with the dollars-wheel X and the gear TV with thehundred-dollar wheel X, and any movement imparted to either of the gearsactuates their respective numbered wheels. In other words, when gear Vmakes one complete revolution the tooth cl will engage the pinion S andmove it onetenth its revolution, and, being fixed on the shaft Y, itrevolves the other gear 8 and moves the gear W" and its numbered wheel Xone onehundredth of a revolution, while the gear X makes a completerevolution.

The means for throwing the gear-wheel V to the right or left for thepurpose of engaging and disengaging the gear-wheels TV and W consists ofa lever 12, pivoted on a post I) in the casing A, which covers theprincipal part of the mechanism. The inner end of this lever is providedwith a forked end embracing a loose collar V, so that the wheel V willbe allowed to revolve freely.

Each of the four numbered wheels P S X X bearnumbers from O to 99,inclusive, as in wheels common to this class of devices. Each of thekeys is provided with a retractingspring c, which is used to force themback to their proper position when depressed. To

prevent the secondary wheels XX from moving too far by their owninertia, a brake g is provided, which brake enters notches g on the sideof the gear W.

The preferred construction of our device having been set forth, we willnow proceed to describe its operation.

Assuming that the numbered wheels are all set at O-thestarting-point--and it is desired to indicate a certain sum of money,consisting of several different amounts, such as twelve cents, twentycents, and ninety cents, the total of these amounts can be quicklyindicated by depressing the key numbered 10, then the key numbered 2,then the one marked 20, and finally the one marked 90, whereupon thetotal amountwill beindicated and brought before the sight-hole. When thekey numbered 10 is depressed,its downward movement lowers the bar H andrack 0, thereby actuating pinion L and ratchet-wheel N. The wheel Ncarries with it the adjoining wheel h through the medium of spring-pawlN. The key marked 10 is so arranged in relation to the fulcrum of leverH that it moves thelong arm of thelatter the shortest distance of any ofthe keys of the ten series and just far enough to rotate theratchet-wheel and its shaft M a distance equal to ten points on thenumbered wheel P. At the termination of a stroke upon this or any of theother keys the pawl Q on the bar Q enters a notch on wheel P, whichwheel, being fixed to the shaft M, immediately arrests further movementof the numberedwheel to preventitfrom registering too much. The key 2 isnext depressed and lowers the long arm of lever G, which through themedium of the pawl M rotates the wheel M a distance sufficient toadvance the numbered units-wheel P two points farther. The sweep oflever G when this key is struck cannot advance the ratchet farther thantwo points, owing to its limited movement. At the termination of thissecond stroke 12 will appear at the sight-hole b. The next key tobedepressed is the one marked 20, andit repeats theaction of number 10,but, being nearer the fulcrum of the lever H, advances the ratchet-wheelN, and hence the numbered wheel P, twenty points. The key marked is nextdepressed, and,being still closer to the fulcrum K, moves the long arm agreater distance, and therefore advances the ratchet and its numberedwheel P ninety points farther. At this point the addition of ninetypoints to the thirty-two already registered moves the wheel P justtwenty-two points past a complete revolution and advances thedollars-wheel S one point, so that the sum of $1.22 is now visiblethrough the sight-hole b. As the primary wheels P and S- can registeronly as high as $99.99, the secondary pair X X can be thrown into gearwith them by means of the lever 79, so as to commence registeringhundreds of dollars in the manner previously Should five hundred dollarsbe described.

required to be registered, it can be done by I simply striking the, 100key five times, for this key, being the closest to the fulcrum K, willmove the lever the farthest, and it is so arranged and timed as to movethe ratchet N" a complete revolution at every stroke.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an adding-machine, the combination, with the registering andratchet wheels, of a pair of long levers engaging said ratchetwheels andextending in adirection substantially parallel to the axes of thewheels, keylevers for actuating the long levers, each of said key-levershaving a link connected thereto and a slot in the link, which embracesthe long levers, substantially as set forth.

2. In an adding-machine, the combination, with the registering andratchet wheels, of a pair of long levers extending in a directionsubstantially parallel with the axes of the said registering-wheels andengaging said ratchet-wheels, key-levers arranged to actuate the longlevers, whereby the registeringwheels are rotated or partially rotated,and a pivoted frame, a carry and a stop pawl operating in conjunctionwith the same, substantially as described.

3. In an adding-machine, the combination of a pair of long leversprovided with weights and connected to a set of ratchet-wheels havingtheir axes substantially parallel with the levers, saidratchet-wheelsbeing connected to co-operate by means of pawls secured toone and engaging the other, a rack and pinion with which one of thelovers is connected, numbered disks or wheels actuated by saidratchet-wheels, key-levers connected to the long levers by slottedlinks, and a rock-frame provided with a pawl adapted to engage saidratchet-wheels at the termination of-a stroke of one of the keys, allarranged and adapted to operate in the manner and for the purposesubstantially as described.

4. In'an adding-machine, primary registering and ratchet wheels, a pair.of long levers engaging said ratchet-wheels and extending substantiallyparallel with the axes of the registering-wheels, and key-leversactuating said long levers, in combination with secondaryregistering-Wheels mounted on an independent shaft and a gear-Wheel V,connected to the primary Wheels and provided with a lever for throwingit in or out of engagement with the secondary registering-wheels,substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures in the presence of twowitnesses.

CHANDLER A. OAKES. JOHN H. JACKSON. Witnesses:

N. D; CHASE, F. W. GIBBs.

